Diabetes and Hypertension in Women
Women face unique challenges in diabetes and hypertension management:
Diabetes:
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25% of women of reproductive age in Southern India have elevated HbA1c (≥5.7%)
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PCOS significantly increases diabetes risk: *3.4% of women with PCOS* have diabetes
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Pregnancy-related complications (gestational diabetes) indicate future metabolic risk
Hypertension:
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18.6% of women of reproductive age have hypertension
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Hypertension prevalence increases with age and is strongly associated with metabolic syndrome
The B12 Connection:
Vitamin B12 deficiency is widespread in India (affecting 48.3% of women) and is associated with:
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Higher BMI and waist circumference
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Increased body fat percentage
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Higher prevalence of overweight and central adiposity